In order to create a subplot, the character must do with something that is not their main theme. Subplots run a parallel to main plot. It includes a secondary strand of characters, events, etc.
Subplots add depth, it intensifies conflict & enriches character development.
A good example would be in the movie Up from 2009, where the dog's death caused Carl to finally leave his house. This is a minor plot that developed as a result of Carl's major plot (he wanted adventure).
Another example would be in the animated children's show Adventure Time, where Finn is on an adventure but also has a crush on Princess Bubblegum, but she only likes him as just friends. See also Homestuck.
In anime and manga series, a common plot device is a side-story, which developes off the main storyline. This is because of the amount of manga and anime that are now produced. The side-story usually has its own theme, but can be different from the main story. They usually last for about two to three episodes before the main story picks up again.
There are a couple of ways in which this can be done:
A subplot is similar to a side-story but with differences in length and complexity. It may become a real plotline, with its own themes and developments, but it may not continue past one or two episodes.
Character Consistency
Make sure to have your subplot & side characters to align with the established traits and personalities of the main characters.
Revalance to Main Plot
Subplots should contribute to the main story's development. Side characters should also have a minor impact of the overall narrative.
Character arcs
Allow the subplot or subplots & side characters you have to undergo their own arcs. This will add complexity & makes their inclusion to the story more meaningful.
Themes & Motifs
Align the subplots with the main theme of your story. Consistent themes creates a cohesive narrative.
Character Relationships
Develop meaningful relationships between the main & side characters. Whether it is friendship, rivalry, etc. These connections would add layers to the story.
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